Formaldehyde
Preservative
Known human carcinogen; banned in cosmetics in the EU (Annex II).
Also: formaldehyde, methylene glycol, methanediol, formalin
Cosmetic ingredients banned or severely restricted by major regulators. Any EU-banned ingredient in a product automatically scores it 0.
Preservative
Known human carcinogen; banned in cosmetics in the EU (Annex II).
Also: formaldehyde, methylene glycol, methanediol, formalin
Formaldehyde releaser
Releases formaldehyde; prohibited in EU cosmetics since 2017.
Also: quaternium-15, quaternium 15
Formaldehyde releaser
Formaldehyde donor; restricted/prohibited in EU leave-on uses.
Also: dmdm hydantoin
Solvent
Carcinogen and CNS depressant; banned in cosmetics.
Also: methylene chloride, dichloromethane
Colorant (hair dye)
Heavy-metal neurotoxin; banned in hair dyes.
Also: lead acetate
Colorant
Contains carcinogenic PAHs; prohibited in EU cosmetics.
Also: coal tar
Skin lightener
Banned in EU cosmetics (allowed only in regulated nail systems). South Africa prohibits >2% hydroquinone in skin lighteners under Foodstuffs, Cosmetics & Disinfectants Act regulations.
Also: hydroquinone
Heavy metal
Highly toxic; banned in cosmetics worldwide, including South Africa (Dept. of Health R.1469 cosmetic restrictions).
Also: mercury, thimerosal, mercuric, phenylmercuric
Antimicrobial
Restricted in EU; banned in rinse-off products at >0.3% and many uses prohibited.
Also: triclosan
Antimicrobial
Endocrine disruptor; banned in many cosmetic applications.
Also: triclocarban
Preservative
Strong skin sensitizer; banned in leave-on cosmetics in the EU.
Also: methylisothiazolinone
Preservative
Sensitizer; banned in leave-on cosmetics in the EU.
Also: methylchloroisothiazolinone
Preservative
Long-chain parabens banned in EU cosmetics due to endocrine concerns.
Also: butylparaben, isobutylparaben, isopropylparaben, pentylparaben, phenylparaben, benzylparaben
Hair dye intermediate
Endocrine disruptor; banned above strict limits in EU hair products.
Also: resorcinol
Solvent
Reproductive toxin; banned in EU cosmetics outside narrow nail uses.
Also: toluene
Hair dye
Severe sensitizer; banned above strict limits in EU hair dyes.
Also: p-phenylenediamine, phenylenediamine
Surfactant / pH adjuster
Can form carcinogenic nitrosamines; banned in EU cosmetics.
Also: diethanolamine, cocamide dea, lauramide dea
Antimicrobial
Neurotoxic; banned in cosmetics.
Also: hexachlorophene
Anti-dandruff active
OTC-drug regulated; above 1% (rinse-off) / 0.6% (leave-on) prohibited.
Also: selenium sulfide, selenium sulphide
Antimicrobial
Photosensitization risk; banned in cosmetics.
Also: bithionol
Skin lightener
Causes permanent depigmentation; banned in South African cosmetics under SABS / Dept. of Health cosmetic regulations.
Also: monobenzone, monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone
Solvent
Carcinogen; prohibited in cosmetics in South Africa and aligned markets.
Also: chloroform, trichloromethane
Depilatory agent
Restricted in South African cosmetics; only permitted in regulated depilatory products within strict pH and concentration limits.
Also: strontium sulfide, strontium sulphide
Pharmaceutical actives
Corticosteroids are scheduled medicines in South Africa and may not be added to cosmetic products; common adulterant in illegal skin-lightening creams.
Also: clobetasol, betamethasone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone
Pharmaceutical actives
Schedule 4 medicine in South Africa; prohibited as a cosmetic ingredient and frequently flagged in illegal lightening products.
Also: tretinoin, all-trans retinoic acid
Solvent
Hepatotoxic and ozone-depleting; prohibited in cosmetics in South Africa.
Also: carbon tetrachloride, tetrachloromethane
Representative reference list — not an exhaustive legal source. Always consult the official regulator (e.g. EU Cosmetics Regulation Annex II) for compliance.